In this book we use different terms to describe the object of empirical
legal research: (legal) arrangements, devices, interventions, but we will
also refer to laws, legislation and regulation. All these ‘legal arrangements’
aim at influencing individuals and organizations, codify and/or regulate
(to some extent) their functioning, create restrictions and opportunities
for them and can be enforced with various degrees of involvement of the
state.2 Westerman (2011: 106–107) adds that ‘many rules nowadays prescribe
in a fairly direct manner the goals that should be attained’ and calls
this the ‘ongoing instrumentalisation [that] has led to different demands
on both the legislator and judge’. Verbruggen (2014: 79) sees ‘commercial
contracts [becoming] increasingly important vehicles for the implementation
and enforcement of safety, social and sustainability standards in
transnational supply chains’